Optimized charge carrier in rational design of WO3/Bi2O3 composites: A mechanistic study for degradation of methyl red dye and phenol

The utilization of semiconductor nanomaterials is seeking significant attention for the light activated photocatalytic applications. In this quest, this potent study investigates the composites of WO3/Bi2O3 and explores their multifunctional activities against the methyl Red (MR) and pharmaceutical phenol. The binary composites are synthesized through facile Green method and elucidates through various characterizations. The structural properties are performed through analytical techniques of X ray diffraction method (XRD). The absorbance has been performed through Ultraviolet visible spectroscopy (UV) through which bandgap of WO3 reduced to 2.58 eV. The optical properties measured through PL shows 1:1 WO3/Bi2O3 sample has low recombination rate. Energy dispersive X ray spectroscopy (EDX) shows no impurities found in the synthesized sample. The morphology measured through Scanning electron microscope (SEM). The combat formation of tungsten oxide (WO3) and Bismuth oxide (Bi2O3) effectively introduce the synergistic approach. This strategy enhances the charge carriers and reactive species which perform the Redox reaction to improve the catalytic applications. Additionally, the junction of WO3 and Bi2O3 exhibits the notable array of phenol degradation. The binary formation underscores strong potential against a myriad of model pollutants. Finally, the composite shows 91 % degradation of MR dye and 82 % degradation of Phenol dye.