On Fractional-Order Discrete-Time Reaction Diffusion Systems

Reaction-diffusion systems have a broad variety of applications, particularly in biology, and it is well known that fractional calculus has been successfully used with this type of system. However, analyzing these systems using discrete fractional calculus is novel and requires significant research in a diversity of disciplines. Thus, in this paper, we investigate the discrete-time fractional-order Lengyel-Epstein system as a model of the chlorite iodide malonic acid (CIMA) chemical reaction. With the help of the second order difference operator, we describe the fractional discrete model. Furthermore, using the linearization approach, we established acceptable requirements for the local asymptotic stability of the system's unique equilibrium. Moreover, we employ a Lyapunov functional to show that when the iodide feeding rate is moderate, the constant equilibrium solution is globally asymptotically stable. Finally, numerical models are presented to validate the theoretical conclusions and demonstrate the impact of discretization and fractional-order on system dynamics. The continuous version of the fractional-order Lengyel-Epstein reaction-diffusion system is compared to the discrete-time system under consideration.